"The animal rightists are challenging physicians to show moral justification for the human exploitation of nature and the world of subhuman species." -AB
Activists......
aroused public interest in the welfare of animals -AB
more legislation for experimented animals -AB
encouraged creation of commitees -AB
"Physicians and specialists in animal care seek to alleviate suffering and anxiety, and, as moderates, they may be able to bring both sides of the animal rights controversy together in a spirit of mutual tolerance and in the common cause of promoting both human and animal welfare." -AB
"Animal experimentation is a multibillion-dollar industry fueled by massive public funding and involving a complex web of corporate, government, and university laboratories, cage and food manufacturers, and animal breeders, dealers, and transporters. The industry and its people profit because animals, who cannot defend themselves against abuse, are legally imprisoned and exploited." -AB
Definition: the use of animals under controlled labotory conditions for a variety of scientific and medical purposees~MB
scientist use animals to investigate:~MB
biological process~MB
causes of diseases~MB
test drugs,vaccines,surgical techniques~MB
evaluate safety of chemicals used in pesticides, cosmetics, other chemicals~MB
many cases scientific, biomedical research can be performed on spcefic cells or tissues or bacteria~MB
some resarch better study on complex respones of animals~ MB
animals provide best models for experiments on processes like breathing, eating, digesting food, reproducing MB
practice goes back many centuries as early as 2 century AD~MB
Roman physician Galan experimented on pigs & apes~MB
1600 English physician William Harvey studied worms, insects, fish, frogs~MB
Laboratory animals are generally used in three primary fields: biomedical research, product security evaluation and education. AS
An estimated 20 million animals are being used for testing and are killed annually AS
about 15 million of them are used to test for medicationAS
five million for other productsAS
Reports indicate that about 10 percent of these animals are not being administered with painkillers. AS
Animals are used to test products from shampoo to new cancer drugs. AS
Each and every medication used by humans is first tested on the animals.AS
Animals were also applied to develop anesthetics to ease human ailments and suffering during surgery.AS
For
The supporters believe that if animal testing is eliminated the medications and procedures that we currently use today wouldn’t exist and the development of future treatments would be limited.AS
They argue that humans have been using animal research and testing for many years now. AS
Surgery on animals has assisted in developing organ transplant and open-heart surgery techniques. AS
Animal testing has also assisted in developing vaccines against diseases like rabies, polio, measles, mumps, rubella and TB. Development of antibiotics, HIV drugs, insulin and cancer treatments depend upon animal tests.AS
They argue that other testing techniques are not advanced enough.AS
The most radical progress in reproductive medicine such as oral contraceptives, in vitro fertilization, hormone replacement therapy, etc., have all been made possible by animal research.A
Medical procedures like measuring blood pressure, pacemakers and heart and lung machines were used on animals prior to being tried on humans. AS
Surgery techniques, like those to mend and eliminate bone diseases were devised out of experimentation on the animals. AS
The heartworm medication that was devised from research on animals has assisted many dogs.AS
The cat nutrition has assisted cats to live longer and healthier livesAS
Animal models for AIDS are very important factors that are required to understand the biology of immuno-deficiency viruses in the vivo. AS
Those who support animal testing argue that the society has an obligation to take actions in ways that will minimize injury and maximize benefits. And Banning or restraining the experimentation on animals would not allow society to achieve such results.AS
It is assumed that a scientist’s goal is to devise methods to minimize pain to every extent possible but for now we have to sacrifice on animals to achieve this result. AS
They argue that society is required to maximize the opportunities to generate such valuable consequences even at the cost of inflicting pain to some animals. AS
many argue that the lives of animals may be worthy of some respect, but the value we give on their lives does not count as much as the value we give to human life.AS
Human beings are considered living beings that have the capability and sensibility that is much higher than animal AS
For example if we were put in a dilemma of saving a drowning baby and a drowning rat is obvious save the baby first. AS
- Animal Rights movement 1980's- AB
- "The animal rightists are challenging physicians to show moral justification for the human exploitation of nature and the world of subhuman species." -AB
Activists......- estimted 20 million animals are tested and killed annually-TJ
- 10% of the anilmals are not administered with adequate pain killers-TJ
- testing on animals has helped develop vaccines for life threating diseases-TJ
FactsAskDrScully.com. 28 Aug. 2005. 13 Nov. 2008 http://www.askdrscully.com/alpha_v.html.
What is Vivisection?
Syufy, Franny. about.com. 2008. 13 Nov. 2008 http://cats.about.com/cs/advocacy/a/vivisection.htm.
Is Vivisection successful?
- According to about.com vivsection is never successful-AB
- it is a means of advancing human medical science-AB
- also say that the only really reliable source of human advancement and science is using a human model -AB
- animals not treated well LH
- animals usually die LH
- advocates overstated achievements LH
- most experiments done on animals nothing like humans - rats and mice LH
- The results not credible
ProsDixon, Thomas. Pros/Cons of Animal Experimentation. Wednesday, June 28, 2000 International Debate Education Association .
c_print.php?topicID=7.
The Humane Society. 2008 HSUS. November 14, 2008 http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/animal_testing/animal_testing_the_beginning_of_the_end.html.
"Animal Experimentation." Encarta . 1993-2008. Microsoft . November 13, 2008 < http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761595482/Animal_Experimentation.html >.
- Definition: the use of animals under controlled labotory conditions for a variety of scientific and medical purposees~MB
- scientist use animals to investigate:~MB
biological process~MBcauses of diseases~MB
test drugs,vaccines,surgical techniques~MB
evaluate safety of chemicals used in pesticides, cosmetics, other chemicals~MB
- many cases scientific, biomedical research can be performed on spcefic cells or tissues or bacteria~MB
- some resarch better study on complex respones of animals~ MB
- animals provide best models for experiments on processes like breathing, eating, digesting food, reproducing MB
- practice goes back many centuries as early as 2 century AD~MB
- Roman physician Galan experimented on pigs & apes~MB
- 1600 English physician William Harvey studied worms, insects, fish, frogs~MB
- expirmentation increased in 1800's~MB
- 18 & 22 animals are used in US~MB
- 90% rats, mice, & birds~MB
- others primates, rabbits, pigs, hamsters, quinea pigs, dogs, & cats used~MB
- raids between 1985 to 1990 exposed mistreament of animals & brought to public view~MB
Benifits ( why people say yes)- treatments for heart diesase~MB
- techniques & equipment for kidney dialysis~MB
- more than 30 drugs for treating cancer~MB
- antcancer radiation therapies~MB
- Vaccines~MB
- organ transplants~MB
- blood transfusion~MB
- microsurgey to reattch severed limbs~MB
- Were all made possible by animal research
- animals them self also benefited from expermitation on them~MB
- animals used for todays most pressing illnesses like alzheimer's & AIDS~MB ----
Reason Why to Oppose- "species that can feel pian & suffering human & animal deserve conideration" Pete Singer~MB
- animals no less complex than humans to feel pian & suffering~MB
- inflicting discomfort,pian,suffering, death w/o consent wrong~MB
- data from experiments questionable~MB
- physiological defferences between animals & humans make unsuitable models~MB
- Activist Cite Gov't Accuntability Office showing 52% new drugs marketed 1976-1985 caused reactions not showen in animals test~MB
- animals under stress confined small cages or ones that restrict movement~MB
- stress alter physiological fuctioning rendering observations meaningless~MB ----
tybanks, Animal Testing: Pros and Cons. April 19, 2005 November 14, 2008 <http://www.echeat.com/essay.php?t=26519>.- Laboratory animals are generally used in three primary fields: biomedical research, product security evaluation and education. AS
- An estimated 20 million animals are being used for testing and are killed annually AS
- about 15 million of them are used to test for medication AS
- five million for other products AS
- Reports indicate that about 10 percent of these animals are not being administered with painkillers. AS
- Animals are used to test products from shampoo to new cancer drugs. AS
- Each and every medication used by humans is first tested on the animals. AS
- Animals were also applied to develop anesthetics to ease human ailments and suffering during surgery.AS
For- The supporters believe that if animal testing is eliminated the medications and procedures that we currently use today wouldn’t exist and the development of future treatments would be limited.AS
- They argue that humans have been using animal research and testing for many years now. AS
- Surgery on animals has assisted in developing organ transplant and open-heart surgery techniques. AS
- Animal testing has also assisted in developing vaccines against diseases like rabies, polio, measles, mumps, rubella and TB. Development of antibiotics, HIV drugs, insulin and cancer treatments depend upon animal tests. AS
- They argue that other testing techniques are not advanced enough. AS
- The most radical progress in reproductive medicine such as oral contraceptives, in vitro fertilization, hormone replacement therapy, etc., have all been made possible by animal research.A
- Medical procedures like measuring blood pressure, pacemakers and heart and lung machines were used on animals prior to being tried on humans. AS
- Surgery techniques, like those to mend and eliminate bone diseases were devised out of experimentation on the animals. AS
- The heartworm medication that was devised from research on animals has assisted many dogs. AS
- The cat nutrition has assisted cats to live longer and healthier lives AS
- Animal models for AIDS are very important factors that are required to understand the biology of immuno-deficiency viruses in the vivo. AS
- Those who support animal testing argue that the society has an obligation to take actions in ways that will minimize injury and maximize benefits. And Banning or restraining the experimentation on animals would not allow society to achieve such results.AS
- It is assumed that a scientist’s goal is to devise methods to minimize pain to every extent possible but for now we have to sacrifice on animals to achieve this result. AS
- They argue that society is required to maximize the opportunities to generate such valuable consequences even at the cost of inflicting pain to some animals. AS
- many argue that the lives of animals may be worthy of some respect, but the value we give on their lives does not count as much as the value we give to human life.AS
- Human beings are considered living beings that have the capability and sensibility that is much higher than animal AS
- For example if we were put in a dilemma of saving a drowning baby and a drowning rat is obvious save the baby first. AS
labratory animals. the animal rights FAQ. 11/13/2008 <http://www.animal-rights.com/arsec11.htm >.Animal Testing Facts. 11/18/08 http://www.animaltestingfacts.zoomshare.com.
- 70 million animals maimed,blinded,scalded,force-fed chemicals,gentically manipulated,otherwise hurt or kill -MB
- anywhere from privatie companies to scientific centers conduct animal research -MB
- everyday things like eyeshadow,soap,furniture polish,oven cleaner tested on animals -MB
- test manily used to test degree of harmfulness of products & indgriedents -MB
- animal test can not used to prevent potential human injuries -MB
- test no provide by law, but taken to prevent consumer lawsuits -MB
- alternitives proven less expensive & more reliable
Example: Instead of using live rabbits for Draize Eye Test corneas from eye banks can be used~MB * chemical assay test~MB<< First< PreviousNext >Last >>